Smart CMOS image sensor for lightning detection and imaging

We present a CMOS image sensor dedicated to lightning detection and imaging. The detector has been designed to evaluate the potentiality of an on-chip lightning detection solution based on a smart sensor. This evaluation is performed in the frame of the predevelopment phase of the lightning detector that will be implemented in the Meteosat Third Generation Imager satellite for the European Space Agency. The lightning detection process is performed by a smart detector combining an in-pixel frame-to-frame difference comparison with an adjustable threshold and on-chip digital processing allowing an efficient localization of a faint lightning pulse on the entire large format array at a frequency of 1 kHz. A CMOS prototype sensor with a 256×256 pixel array and a 60 μm pixel pitch has been fabricated using a 0.35 μm 2P 5M technology and tested to validate the selected detection approach

Educación jurídica y populismo punitivo del delito de violación sexual en menor de edad. Mariscal Cáceres -Juanjuí, 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar cómo incidió la educación jurídica en el populismo punitivo en Mariscal Cáceres - Juanjuí, 2022. El estudio presentó un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo básico y con un diseño de teorías fundamentadas; Los participantes estuvieron integrados por 100 pobladores adultos de Mariscal Cáceres - Juanjuí, quienes corroboraron que la falta de conocimiento jurídico y la existencia del populismo punitivo en el delito de violación de menor de edad; también participaron 6 expertos, quienes aportaron conocimientos relevantes sobre las categorías; las técnicas utilizadas fueron la técnica de la entrevista y la encuesta; los instrumentos aplicados fueron la guía de entrevista y el cuestionario. Los resultados evidenciaron la existencia de un nivel básico de educación jurídica en la población mariscalense lo que contribuyó al populismo punitivo y por ende a la potencial transgresión del delito contra la vida y la integridad física. Por tanto, se concluyó que la educación jurídica tuvo un impacto significativo en el populismo punitivo en el delito de violación de menores, siendo aquella una oportunidad para mitigar a esta

“Derecho al debido proceso y declaratoria de contumacia en los acusados por los juzgados penales unipersonales de Tarapoto del 2010 - 2014”

La investigación titulada "Derecho al debido proceso y declaratoria de contumacia en los acusados por los juzgados penales unipersonales de Tarapoto del 2010 - 2014", tuvo como objetivo general determinar la relación entre el derecho al debido proceso y la declaratoria de contumacia en los acusados por los juzgados penales unipersonales de Tarapoto, periodo 2010 - 2014. El tipo de estudio fue no experimental; el diseño de la investigación fue descriptivo correlacional, asimismo la investigación contó con una muestra de estudio de 54 resoluciones emitidas, las cuales fueron seleccionadas a través de un muestreo no probabilístico intencionado ya que se tomaron 27 resoluciones con declaratoria de contumacia y 27 restantes con resoluciones con declaratoria de no contumacia, además fueron evaluados mediante la ficha de observación (Lista de Cotejo) con el fin de recolectar información, pudiendo llegar así los siguientes resultados: Mediante la aplicación de los estadísticos se evidencio que el derecho al debido proceso en los Juzgados Penales Unipersonales de Tarapoto, periodo 2010 - 2014 tuvo un alto porcentaje de correcta aplicación con el 63%, mientras que la declaratoria de contumacia en los acusados tuvo un moderado número de resoluciones emitidas, equivalente a 27 resoluciones que resuelven declarar la contumacia en los acusados. Con la aplicación de la prueba estadística de independencia Chi Cuadrado se concluyó, que existe relación significativa entre el derecho al debido proceso y la declaratoria de contumacia en los acusados por los juzgados penales unipersonales de Tarapoto, periodo 2010 – 2014; dado que el Chí Cuadrado de Pearson (7,941) fue notablemente mayor al Chí tabular con 1 grado de libertad (3,841) a un 95 % de confianza, por lo tanto, las variables son dependientes

Ovine serum biomarkers of early and late phase scrapie

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are fatal neurodegenerative disease occurring in animals and humans for which no <it>ante-mortem </it>diagnostic test in biological fluids is available. In such pathologies, detection of the pathological form of the prion protein (i.e., the causative factor) in blood is difficult and therefore identification of new biomarkers implicated in the pathway of prion infection is relevant.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this study we used the SELDI-TOF MS technology to analyze a large number of serum samples from control sheep and animals with early phase or late phase scrapie. A few potential low molecular weight biomarkers were selected by statistical methods and, after a training analysis, a protein signature pattern, which discriminates between early phase scrapie samples and control sera was identified.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The combination of early phase biomarkers showed a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 90% for all studied sheep in the early stage of the disease. One of these potential biomarkers was identified and validated in a SELDI-TOF MS kinetic study of sera from Syrian hamsters infected by scrapie, by western blot analysis and ELISA quantitation.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Differential protein expression profiling allows establishing a TSE diagnostic in scrapie sheep, in the early phase of the disease. Some proteic differences observed in scrapie sheep exist in infected hamsters. Further studies are being performed to identify all the discriminant biomarkers of interest and to test our potential markers in a new cohort of animals.</p

Tmprss3 loss of function impairs cochlear inner hair cell Kcnma1 channel membrane expression

Before acquiring their mature state, cochlear hair cells undergo a series of changes in expression of ion channels. How this complex mechanism is achieved is not fully understood. Tmprss3, a type II serine protease expressed in hair cells, is required for their proper functioning at the onset of hearing. To unravel the role of Tmprss3 in the acquisition of mature K+ currents, we compared their function by patch-clamp technique in wild-type Tmprss3WT and Tmprss3Y260X-mutant mice. Interestingly, only outward K+ currents were altered in Tmprss3Y260X-mutant mice. To determine by which mechanism this occurred, we compared the protein network of Tmprss3WT and Tmprss3Y260X-mutant mice using proteomic analysis. This led to the identification of a pathway related to potassium Kcnma1 channels. This pathway was validated by immunohistochemistry, focusing on the most downregulated protein that was identified as a cochlear Kcnma1-associated protein, APOA1. Finally, we show that, in contrast to Tmprss3WT, Kcnma1 channels were absent at the neck of inner hair cells (IHCs) in Tmprss3Y260X-mutant mice. In conclusion, our data suggest that lack of Tmprss3 leads to a decrease in Kcnma1 potassium channels expression in (IHCs

Radiation Effects in Pinned Photodiode CMOS Image Sensors: Pixel Performance Degradation Due to Total Ionizing Dose

Several Pinned Photodiode (PPD) CMOS Image Sensors (CIS) are designed, manufactured, characterized and exposed biased to ionizing radiation up to 10 kGy(SiO2 ). In addition to the usually reported dark current increase and quantum efficiency drop at short wavelengths, several original radiation effects are shown: an increase of the pinning voltage, a decrease of the buried photodiode full well capacity, a large change in charge transfer efficiency, the creation of a large number of Total Ionizing Dose (TID) induced Dark Current Random Telegraph Signal (DC-RTS) centers active in the photodiode (even when the Transfer Gate (TG) is accumulated) and the complete depletion of the Pre-Metal Dielectric (PMD) interface at the highest TID leading to a large dark current and the loss of control of the TG on the dark current. The proposed mechanisms at the origin of these degradations are discussed. It is also demonstrated that biasing (i.e., operating) the PPD CIS during irradiation does not enhance the degradations compared to sensors grounded during irradiation

Event-based speed control on a sensor-less miniature thruster

International audienceThe main contribution of this paper is the experimental evaluation of the performance of different event-based control strategies in the case of a sensor-less miniature thruster. While most control engineering applications considers periodic control with equidistant sample intervals, the event-based approach updates the control signal only when required. The performances in terms of thruster power consumption and control update number are evaluated by comparing the event- based control system with respect to the time-based loop for the angular speed regulation of a sensor-less miniature thruster. The experimental results clearly show an important reduction of the control updates while the power consumptions are similar

BIOPSY: Biochemical Programming System

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